| Background
Retinopathy: an early stage of diabetic retinopathy
that usually does not impair vision - also referred to as
"nonproliferative retinopathy".
Ballistic Stretching:
bouncing to increase the amount of stretch. Can cause
muscle tears and soreness and is not recommended.
Barbell: a
long bar with weights
attached to each end. Requires both hands to pick up.
Bariatric:
The branch of medicine dealing with the causes, prevention,
and treatment of obesity,
both pharmacological and surgical.
Bariatric Surgeon:
Also known as obesity surgery specialist. A doctor
who performs bariatric surgery.
Bariatric
Surgery: Also known as weight-loss
surgery, surgery
for morbid obesity, stomach stapling surgery, gastric
stapling, stomach stapling, stomach stapling obesity surgery,
morbid obesity surgery, and stomach reduction surgery.
Basal
Metabolic Rate(BMR): is the rate at which energy
is used by the body to maintain basal metabolism.
Basal
Metabolism: energy used for metabolism when the
body is at complete rest - closely related to the muscle mass.
Usually measured
by the amount of oxygen consumed.
Beta Cells:
the insulin producing cells of the pancreas.
Behavior Modification:
Change of behavior by the manipulation of cues and
environment factors that trigger behaviors.
Beta
Oxidation: Process by which fat is broken down
in order to generate ATP
Brittle Diabetes:
Phrase used when a person's blood glucose (sugar) level often
swings quickly from high to low and from low to high - also
called labile and unstable diabetes.
Biceps: the
muscle running along the inside of the upper arm which bends
your arm at the elbow.
Binge
Eating: an eating disorder characterized by eating
more than normal food
and feeling that what is being eaten and how much is being
eaten is out of the control of the person doing the eating.
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Binge Eating
Disorder: An eating disorder involving uncontrolled
eating of large amounts of food but without vomiting or laxative
purging.
Bioelectrical Impedance
Analysis: method of body composition analysis based
on electrical conductance and the greater electrical conductivity
of fat-free mass.
Biological Value(BV):
measure of protein quality based on the percentage
of absorbed nitrogen that is retained by the body.
Biomechanics:
the study of the mechanics of muscular activity.
Blood Glucose:
Blood glucose (blood sugar) refers to sugar in the form of
glucose.
Blood Pressure:
is the force of the blood on the walls of arteries. Two levels
of blood pressure are measured - the higher, or systolic,
pressure, occurs each time the heart pushes blood into the
vessels, and the lower, or diastolic, pressure, occurs when
the heart rests. In a blood pressure reading of 120/80, 120
is the systolic pressure and 80 is the diastolic pressure.
Blood Sugar:
Glucose in the blood.
BMI(Body
Mass Index): An index of a person's weight in
relation to height, determined by dividing the weight (in
kilograms) by the square of the height (in meters).
Body
Fat: the percentage of your body mass that is
not composed of lean muscle, water, bones or vital organs.
Bontril
SR: An appetite suppressant that works by stimulating
the nervous system.
Buffed: Slang
term used to describe someone with good muscle size and definition.
Bulemia:
An eating
disorder involving self-induced vomiting to limit calories
often following episodic eating binges.
Bulimia
Nervosa: An eating disorder involving episodic
binge eating followed by feelings of guilt, depression, and
self-condemnation.
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